That’s what President Obama is proposing. ScienceInsider story here. Related PCAST report is here [President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology for our international readers].
There are a lot of questions of course. First, can the President get this out of Congress? Second, to what extent does this represent new money (rather than re-labeled dollars)? Third, how much of the $1B would go towards climate science?
Discoverers and Discoveries 